There are several ways to evaluate the bandwidth of a signal in the time domain and frequency domain. Previously we looked at the classic relationship of rise time (t r) and bandwidth (f 3db) [Ref 1], ...

From guest blogger Gina Bonini: Over the last two posts I’ve reviewed two key components of scope FFTs: windowing factors and aliasing. In this final installment I’ll take a look at a ...

Lock-in amplifiers were invented in the 1930s [1, 2, 3] and commercialized [4] in the mid 20 th century as electrical instruments that are capable of extracting signal amplitudes and phases in ...

The RF signal analyzer is one of the most versatile tools on the RF test bench, allowing engineers to measure signals ranging from electromagnetic emissions to wireless communications. Most frequently ...

No instrument, whether in the time or frequency domains, is suitable for all use cases. Signal/spectrum analyzers shine for ensuring standards conformity. Oscilloscopes tend to be more versatile, ...