The two-dimensional spatial distribution of mass due to gluons in the nucleon (left) and the pion (right), simulated at seven valence pion masses with lattice quantum chromodynamics. Understanding the ...

Nucleons, which include protons and neutrons, are the composite particles that make up atomic nuclei. While these particles have been widely studied in the past, their internal structure has not yet ...

In the world of nuclear physics, protons often take the spotlight. But now, for the first time, the neutron has stepped into it. A recent experiment using the U.S. Department of Energy’s Jefferson Lab ...

A new detector at the U.S. Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility has successfully observed neutrons in configurations and at angles where they had previously remained ...

The proton is a composite particle made up of fundamental building blocks of quarks and gluons. These components and their interactions determine the proton’s structure, including its electrical ...

Nuclear physicists may have finally pinpointed where in the proton a large fraction of its mass resides. A recent experiment carried out at the U.S. Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National ...

The CMS collaboration compared high-transverse-momentum particle yields in oxygen–oxygen, neon–neon, xenon–xenon and lead–lead collisions.