Functional safety issues have long been an important part of product development wherever machine operations that are potentially dangerous for humans are carried out unattended. However, in terms of ...

When properly applied, double-redundant and fail-safe design methods focus validation practices on machine enhancement and reliability, reducing dependence on operator vigilance and intervention. Ray ...

During the nearly two decades I spent working on automotive electronic control systems like anti-lock brakes and stability control, one of the core design principles was fail-safe operation. Today, as ...